ProfBravery8471
Dr. Suki was conducting a study on a new antidepressant. Half of…
Dr. Suki was conducting a study on a new antidepressant. Half of the participants were given the new drug and the other half were given an inactive drug. Dr. Suki found that the group given the new antidepressant was reporting less depression, and the group given the inactive drug was also reporting less depression. That the group given the inactive drug was also reporting less depression, most likely due to:
a.
trickery.
b.
a mistake.
c.
random assignment.
d.
the placebo effect.
2 points
QUESTION 3
When conducting research, the last step in the scientific method is:
a.
developing a hypothesis.
b.
analyzing the data and drawing conclusions.
c.
collecting the data to test the hypothesis.
d.
conducting the literature review.
2 points
QUESTION 4
A student answering questions about herself, including her opinions, feelings, and experiences, is called a _____ format.
a.
self-report
b.
self-esteem
c.
self-analysis
d.
self-diagnosis
2 points
QUESTION 5
The major specializations in psychology can be divided into two big categories: _____ specializations and basic research specializations.
a.
applied
b.
expert
c.
exploratory
d.
investigative
2 points
QUESTION 6
_____ psychology research fulfills two purposes, including understanding the behavior of animals and applying that understanding to human beings.
a.
Clinical
b.
Comparative
c.
Physiological
d.
Social
2 points
QUESTION 7
Researchers tell their possible participants enough about the study beforehand to enable them to make an educated decision about whether to participate; this is an ethical requirement called:
a.
informed consent.
b.
voluntary participation.
c.
debriefing.
d.
involuntary participation.
2 points
QUESTION 8
A defense attorney hired Dr. Hannibal to assist with jury selection in a high-profile murder case. Dr. Hannibal’s specialty is MOST likely in _____ psychology.
a.
clinical
b.
counseling
c.
forensic
d.
educational
2 points
QUESTION 9
The process when a researcher’s results are reviewed by people who are experts in the field is known as:
a.
replication studies.
b.
peer review appraisal.
c.
critical review appraisal.
d.
critical thinking analysis.
2 points
QUESTION 10
Which is NOT an example of plasticity?
a.
a larger than usual amount of the somatosensory cortex dedicated to the hands and fingers in a person with a visual disability
b.
increased motivation by the limbic system to seek food when a person is hungry
c.
a larger than usual amount of the motor cortex dedicated to the forelimbs of rats without whiskers
d.
change in the limbic system of a person with a phobia after undergoing psychotherapy
2 points
QUESTION 11
The _____ of a neuron is the time during which a neuron resets its electrical charge.
a.
resting potential
b.
threshold
c.
action potential
d.
refractory period
2 points
QUESTION 12
Sensory neurons are also called:
a.
interneurons.
b.
afferent neurons.
c.
motor neurons.
d.
efferent neurons.
2 points
2 points
QUESTION 14
_____ is responsible for understanding speech, whereas _____ is responsible for producing speech.
a.
Wernicke’s area; Broca’s area
b.
The frontal lobe; the temporal lobe
c.
The somatosensory cortex; the motor cortex
d.
Broca’s area; Wernicke’s area
2 points
QUESTION 15
Dr. Hu studies people who are unable to recognize when a person in a picture has a fearful facial expression. Dr. Hu is MOST likely studying people who have experienced damage to their:
a.
cerebellum.
b.
hypothalamus.
c.
amygdala.
d.
hippocampus.
2 points
QUESTION 16
_____ send information from your brain to your muscles.
a.
Afferent neurons
b.
Sensory neurons
c.
Glial cells
d.
Motor neurons
2 points
QUESTION 17
Which of these is NOT part of the limbic system?
a.
hippocampus
b.
hypothalamus
c.
thalamus
d.
amygdala
2 points
QUESTION 18
Multiple sclerosis breaks down a neuron’s _____, which is a fatty material that surrounds a neuron’s axon.
a.
synapse
b.
threshold
c.
histamine
d.
myelin
2 points
QUESTION 19
Jamis sustained a concussion after a car accident, and now his saccadic eye movement is interrupted. He is MOST likely having trouble:
a.
moving his gaze smoothly from one particular point to another.
b.
keeping his eyes focused on an image, despite head movements.
c.
stopping his eye from moving when reading an unfamiliar word.
d.
moving his two eyes in unison to focus on a single chosen image.
2 points
QUESTION 20
According to _____ theory, pitches are not processed in the cochlea, but rather remain unprocessed until they reach the brain.
a.
opponent process
b.
frequency
c.
trichromatic
d.
place
2 points
QUESTION 21
Trevor is listening to a low-pitched bass guitar riff. The _____ at which that sound hits his cochlea is MOST important for his perception.
a.
intensity
b.
angle
c.
place
d.
frequency
2 points
QUESTION 22
The tympanic membrane separates the _____ and the _____.
a.
outer ear; middle ear
b.
middle ear; inner ear
c.
pinna; cochlea
d.
ossicles; cochlea
2 points
QUESTION 23
Which is an example of selective attention?
a.
noticing that there are tomatoes in your burrito when you asked for one without
b.
differentiating between sips of sweetened and unsweetened iced tea
c.
tasting a mint when you first pop it in your mouth but forgetting it in a few minutes
d.
distinguishing between Coke and Pepsi by taste alone
2 points
QUESTION 24
If a candy is more acidic than sugary, its primary taste would MOST likely be:
a.
sour.
b.
umami.
c.
bitter.
d.
sweet.
2 points
QUESTION 25
Iyana burned her hand on a hot stove. Which two types of somatosensory receptors did she MOST likely activate?
a.
mechanoreceptors and photoreceptors
b.
thermoreceptors and photoreceptors
c.
nociceptors and thermoreceptors
d.
mechanoreceptors and nociceptors
2 points
QUESTION 26
Which is an example of the cocktail party effect?
a.
hearing the buzz of the speakers when you first sit down in the theater but noticing it less and less as the movie progresses
b.
starting to fall asleep during the movie but waking up when you hear your name, which happens to be the name of a character
c.
noticing that the speech coming from the actor’s mouth in a dubbed foreign film does not match the shape that his lips are making
d.
perceiving sound coming from the actors’ mouths on the movie screen rather than the speakers on the side of the theater
2 points
QUESTION 27
Human eyes contain _____ types of cones.
a.
four
b.
three
c.
two
d.
five
2 points
QUESTION 28
In a study on posthypnotic suggestion and hypnosis, researchers instructed participants to send postcards weekly to the researchers. Half of the participants were hypnotized and received this instruction as a posthypnotic suggestion. The other half of participants were not hypnotized and received this instruction as a request for a favor. The results of that study found that _____ participants found the task required _____ effort.
a.
both groups of; little
b.
both groups of; great
c.
the nonhypnotized; little
d.
the hypnotized; little
2 points
QUESTION 29
Timothy is moving to Spain from the United States. When preparing for his move, Timothy learned that taking an afternoon nap is common in Spain. Timothy is looking forward to trying the practice of napping in the afternoon after moving, although he currently only sleeps at night. The practice of only sleeping at night, common in the United States, is called _____ sleep.
a.
biphasic
b.
polyphasic
c.
monophasic
d.
diurnal
2 points
QUESTION 30
Sleep deprivation can affect the functioning of neurons and the connections between them. This effect is evident in tasks that require repetitive, fast responsive actions, such as that done in some games. This effect of sleep deprivation is called:
a.
decreased motivation.
b.
unintended sleep.
c.
cognitive slowing.
d.
cognitive rigidity.
2 points
QUESTION 31
Dr. Hastings is a psychologist working with patients enrolled in a new treatment program at the local hospital. The treatment program is for patients who have used alcohol for quite some time. Dr. Hastings’s area of focus will be on the need for alcohol the patients have in order to function normally. Dr. Hastings’s focus is on:
a.
withdrawal.
b.
addiction.
c.
tolerance.
d.
dependence.
2 points
QUESTION 32
Alcohol has been identified as a factor in half of all:
a.
car accidents.
b.
physical assaults.
c.
thefts.
d.
sexual assaults.
2 points
QUESTION 33
One evening, Frank decided to try a psychoactive drug. After taking it, Frank became peaceful and deeply relaxed. However, Frank’s motivation to make anything else that evening was low, and he ended up not doing anything else. Additionally, Frank’s sense of how time passed was changed and some parts of his evening were hazy and hard to remember. What psychoactive drug did Frank probably try?
a.
cannabis
b.
wine
c.
MDMA
d.
oxycodone
2 points
QUESTION 34
Kennedy just took a substance. After taking it, Kennedy’s perceptions altered. Kennedy began to see unusual shapes and colors and sounds were distorted. Kennedy also became convinced she could speak to animals and spent several hours “communicating” with her roommate’s cat. What substance could cause the effects Kennedy experienced?
a.
codeine
b.
LSD
c.
methamphetamines
d.
Vyvanse
2 points
QUESTION 35
Jason is working with a therapist to stop smoking. Jason’s therapist is using hypnosis to help Jason with this issue. During Jason’s hypnosis, his therapist recited a script instructing Jessie to unwind and calm himself almost to the point of sleep. The therapist also asked Jessie to focus his eyes on a pencil the therapist was holding. What is this stage of hypnosis called?
a.
initiation
b.
submission
c.
suggestion
d.
induction
2 points
QUESTION 36
Cocaine, caffeine, nicotine, and methamphetamines are types of:
a.
stimulants.
b.
depressants.
c.
hallucinogens.
d.
opiates.
2 points
QUESTION 37
Billy is far better at multitasking than Bob. Based on memory research, which statement is MOST likely to be true?
a.
Billy engages in automatic processing more than Bob does.
b.
Billy utilizes retrieval cues better than Bob does.
c.
Billy is more intelligent than Bob.
d.
Billy has greater working memory capacity than does Bob.
2 points
QUESTION 38
Retrieval is best reflected by:
a.
going back to the store to buy another item for your recipe.
b.
repeating a phone number so you don’t forget it.
c.
noticing the people walking past you on the sidewalk.
d.
recalling your Halloween costume from the fifth grade.
2 points
QUESTION 39
An example of retroactive interference is:
a.
moving to a new house but driving to your old house out of habit.
b.
learning a new song and forgetting lyrics to a song you previously knew.
c.
calling your current significant other by your ex’s name.
d.
forgetting how to do solve calculus problem because you haven’t done one in a long time.
2 points
QUESTION 40
Short-term memory and long-term memory are two basic types of:
a.
retrieval.
b.
storage.
c.
encoding.
d.
processing.
2 points
QUESTION 41
Recall is a type of retrieval in which stored information is:
a.
entered into long-term memory without any conscious processing.
b.
compared to external information to determine if it matches.
c.
increased by the presentation of contextual information.
d.
accessed without any comparison to external information.
2 points
QUESTION 42
Aaron decides to use research findings on spacing effects to his advantage. The next time he studies for a test, it is likely that he will:
a.
try to find a large room to study in.
b.
engage in distributed practice over time.
c.
engage in massed practice of information.
d.
continue to cram in one major session.
2 points
QUESTION 43
_____ is the inability to remember how you obtained a particular memory, but not the memory itself.
a.
Source amnesia
b.
Retroactive interference
c.
Anterograde amnesia
d.
Situation-specific amnesia
2 points
QUESTION 44
_____ is correlated with enhanced memory, whereas _____ is correlated with forgetting.
a.
Long-term potentiation; long-term depression
b.
Shallow processing; deep processing
c.
Decreased neural connectivity; increased neural connectivity
d.
Maintenance rehearsal; elaborative rehearsal
2 points
QUESTION 45
_____ memory features limited duration and limited capacity.
a.
Flashbulb
b.
Short-term
c.
Long-term
d.
Explicit
