momma10062018
Please answer the following questions based on this reading:…
Please answer the following questions based on this reading: file:///Users/aiyannalockett/Downloads/Chapter%203%20Phonology.pdf
1. This field focuses on the study of sound patterns within and across any given language:
a) Phonetics
b) Phonology
c) Semantics
2. The following describes the many possible phonemic sequences in any given language (i.e. English- vowel + consonant+ consonant + consonant= ants).
a) Phonemes
b) Phonotactic Constrains
c) Allophones
3. Two sounds are in ________________ distribution if replacing one sound with the other in the same word context (phonological environment) changes the meaning. (i.e. bag [bæg] & beg [b?g].
a) Contrastive Distribution (i.e. [bæg] & [b?g] are minimal pairs)
b) Complementary Distribution (i.e. /??/ becomes [e?] before voiceless consonants . [e?] is an allophone of /??/)
c) Non- Contrastive Distribution (i.e. [k?fi] & [k?fi] are in free variation)
4. Two sounds are in _____________________ distribution if replacing one sound the other in the same word context (phonological environment) DOES NOT change the meaning (i.e. tomato [t?me???] and tomato [t?mæ??] vary freely).
a) Contrastive Distribution (i.e. tape [te?p? ] & tap [tæp? ]
b) Complementary Distribution (i.e. /s/ becomes [z] after voiced sounds. [z] is an allophone of /s/)
c) Non-Contrastive Variation (i.e. park [p??k] & park [pæk?] are in free variation).
5. One phoneme (sound) is in ___________________distribution when it changes how it is pronounced depending where you place them in word context (phonological environment (i.e. pool [p?ul] & cap [kap? ].
a) Complementary Distribution (i.e. /??/ becomes [e?] before voiceless consonants . [e?] is an allophone of /??/)
b) Contrastive Distribution (i.e. [bæg] & [b?g] are minimal pairs)
c) Non-Contrastive Distribution (i.e. potato [p?te?t??] & potato [p?tæ??] are in free variation).
6. The following describes a set of words that share the same phonological environment (word context) except for one differing sound. In addition, exchanging one sound for another in the same word context (phonological environment) will create a change in meaning (i.e. ball [b?l] and tall [t?l]).
a) Allophone
b) Minimal Pairs
c) Grapheme
7. The following set of sounds represents phonemic variation, in other words, when a phoneme varies across phonological environments (word context) (i.e. /t/ becomes [t?] at the beginning of words and syllables= tin [t??n], and [?] in between vowels= cater [ke????].
a) Allophonic Variation
b) Minimal Pairs
c) Diagraphs
8. This / / represents phonemes used in broad transcriptions, or how we conceptualize they should be pronounced instead of how they are actually pronounced. (i.e. play /ple?/ & take /te?k/)
a) True
b) False
9. This [ ] represents phonemes used in narrow transcriptions, or how we actually pronounced them instead of how we conceptualize they should be pronounced. (i.e. play [p?le?] & tags [t?ægz]).
a) True
b) False
10. Phonology rules vary across codes of communication (language, dialects, registers, styles, etc.). This doesn’t mean that these variations constitute errors in pronunciation but rather systematic changes that are driven/caused by a set of established rules (putting together the grammar of sounds in words, morphemes, phrases, and sentences). (i.e. saying gonna [g?n?] as opposed to going to [g???g t?] is not poor English but rather a feature of an informal non-standard variety/register).
a) True
b) False
